Dual-Engine Transformation: The Future of Enterprise Intelligence

How Human and Machine Collaboration Redefines Velocity, Capacity, and Capability

Executive Summary – Learning from the 2015–2022 Enterprise AI Era

From 2015 to 2022, enterprises deployed AI but failed to absorb it: rigid architectures, siloed knowledge, and episodic change models could not keep pace with technology’s exponential curve.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has entered a metabolic phase—accelerating not only what we can automate, but how fast knowledge, insight, and innovation circulate through society. Global investment in AI is tracking toward $500 billion annually across infrastructure and enterprise spending by the end of the decade¹. AI could contribute up to $15.7 trillion to global GDP by 2030²—making it the single largest economic value-creation engine in history.

Yet over two-thirds of organizations still admit they are not ready to deploy AI at scale³. At the same time, research shows that roughly 40 percent of work activities across advanced economies will be transformed by AI-driven automation and augmentation⁴. From 2022 to today, AI deployments have met with strong results in some companies, but failed to scale to their expectations in others.

What’s needed now is not another digital project but a dual-engine transformation—a continuously adapting system where human and machine intelligence learn, create, and evolve together. The fuel for this intelligence is tacit knowledge, that our new AI capabilities will harvest at scale.

The challenge, therefore, is not simply “What can AI do?”—but how fast can enterprises learn, adapt, and evolve alongside it?

At the core of this answer lies the Velocity-Capacity-Capability (VCC) model:

  • Velocity — how fast information becomes action
  • Capacity — how much transformation the enterprise can run in parallel
  • Capability — how effectively people learn to operate and co-create with AI

These three levers define an organization’s metabolism—its ability to evolve continuously in the age of intelligent systems.

 

Every technological revolution has extended human power—steam
extended muscle, electricity extended reach, the internet extended
connectivity. AI extends cognition itself.

Annual AI investment already surpasses hundreds of billions of dollars, and IDC projects enterprise AI spending to exceed $630 billion by 2028, with infrastructure-level capital outlays approaching the $500 billion-per-year mark by 2030¹.

And yet, most organizations have not built the organizational metabolism to absorb such exponential capability. The opportunity is no longer about the next algorithm—it is about how humans and machines co-evolve.

When Henry Ford re-imagined manufacturing, he didn’t invent the automobile; he re-invented the system around it. The assembly line converted invention into scalable production.

Today, most financial institutions resemble Stanley Motor Carriage Co.: highly precise, but rigid and built for an earlier era. Their processes are masterpieces of control, but brittle in change.

The modern “Ford moment” for banking is about shifting from innovation as craft to intelligence as workflow—embedding AI directly into decision-making loops, linking data, people, and processes into a single adaptive system.

Those who succeed will democratize intelligence across the enterprise—creating decision factories as fluid and scalable as Ford’s assembly line of mobility.

The industrial age was defined by machines that multiplied our strength. The AI age is defined by systems that multiply our understanding.

The future is no longer humans versus machines, but humans and machines. Every employee will soon collaborate with digital coworkers—copilots, assistants, and autonomous agents.

But these AI teammates are only as smart as the knowledge they can access—and that knowledge largely resides in people’s heads. To make AI intelligent, we must teach it what we know. To make humans adaptive, we must teach them how to work with AI.

This reciprocal learning cycle is the essence of the dual-engine system:

Humans make machines smarter. Machines make humans smarter. Together, they form collective intelligence.

When people grow, organizations grow. When people stop learning, transformation stops.

Accelerated reskilling and upskilling could deliver $6.5
trillion in additional global GDP by 2030⁵
, while Japan alone could unlock more than $1 trillion in new capacity by 2035 through combined AI adoption and workforce upskilling⁶.

AI transformation is, therefore, people transformation. Every time employees learn to co-create with AI, they reclaim time for creativity, analysis, and judgment—the domains of human advantage.

Most corporate learning remains episodic, classroom-based, and disconnected from daily work. Humans, however, learn best in context and in the flow of work.

Synapse—SMBC Group’s AI-native skilling and knowledge platform—brings learning into that flow. It embeds AI tutors across enterprise systems, guiding employees through real tasks while capturing and redistributing tacit knowledge.

Inspired by the Asian mentorship lineage (Sensei → Senpai → Kohai), Synapse creates a living “supermind”—a workforce where human and machine learning continually reinforce each other.

The goal of automation is not replacement—it’s agency. Agency empowers every employee to shape AI rather than fear it.

When people have the tools to configure agents, prompt systems, and codify their expertise, they become innovators. This cultural shift—from passive users to active creators—ensures that technology amplifies human potential rather than displacing it.

Lever

Meaning

How Dual-Engine Transformation Delivers

Velocity

The rate at which information becomes action

AI agents shorten decision cycles, automate feedback, and accelerate enterprise metabolism

Capacity

The amount of change an organization can sustain

Automation and augmentation free human bandwidth; shared AI infrastructure scales initiatives without linear cost

Capability

The quality of learning and adaptation

Platforms like Synapse capture tacit expertise and teach humans to work with AI, compounding intelligence across the system

By raising Velocity, Capacity, and Capability together, transformation becomes not an event but a living process.

Conclusion: The Future Belongs to Dual-Engine Leaders

AI will not replace people—but leaders who master dual-engine transformation will define the next economy.

Technology gives us power; human agency gives us purpose. Together, they create progress.

Organizations that align Velocity, Capacity, and Capability will not merely adapt to the AI era—they will set its pace.

References

IDC, Worldwide Artificial Intelligence Spending Guide (2024 update); Bain & Company, How Can We Meet AI’s Insatiable Demand for Compute? (2025); Reuters / Citi analysis on hyperscaler capex (2025).

PwC, Sizing the Prize: What’s the Real Value of AI for Your Business and How Can You Capitalize? (2017).

Asana Work Innovation Lab, Crossing the 5 AI Chasms (2025).

IMF, Gen-AI: Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Work (Staff Discussion Note SDN/24/01, Jan 2024).

World Economic Forum & PwC, Upskilling for Shared Prosperity (2021); WEF Press Release “Investment in Upskilling Could Boost Global GDP by $6.5 Trillion by 2030.”

Access Partnership & GLOCOM, The Economic Impact of Generative AI: The Future of Work in Japan (2024 / 2025).